Ultimate Frisbee :: sports

     Before you find out about Ultimate Frisbee, you should initially know the historical backdrop of the Frisbee. The Frisbie Pie Company sold their pies everywhere throughout the East Coast, and incidentally the pie tins were anything but difficult to toss around. At Yale, understudies started to make up games to play with the tins, and began to call them â€Å"Frisbees†. The name stuck and hurling the tins around got well known at numerous East Coast universities. Quite a long while later, a creator chose to reproduce the Frisbee tin. He needed to make it out of plastic, which was one of the new post-war materials. He molded his new plate like a U.F.O., complete with little windows. This was the primary genuine Frisbee, and from that point forward, the plan hasn’t changed a lot. Individuals had been hurling Frisbees around for a considerable length of time, yet presently couldn't seem to make a game utilizing the Frisbee circle. At Columbia High School in New Jersey, understudies from the school paper made another game, joining various parts of soccer, football, ball, group handball, and hockey, they called it Ultimate Frisbee. These understudies chose to compose an official arrangement of rules for Ultimate Frisbee. From the start, it was just played by a couple of understudies at Columbia. The game before long got on at different universities and secondary schools in the territory. From that point on, Ultimate spread quickly all through the United States, and was from the start played distinctly in schools. From that point forward numerous non-academic associations have framed and numerous nations have begun national groups. Very little has changed since the standards were first distributed, and from that point forward, Ultimate has spread everywhere throu ghout the world.      The Spirit of the Game is the most significant piece of Ultimate Frisbee. In many games, players deliberately foul their adversaries. In Ultimate, the way of thinking is that nobody could ever foul a rival player intentionally, and if a foul is to happen, it is expected that the culprit fouled coincidentally. Players call their own fouls, and if the rival group feels that the call was erroneous, they can challenge it. Not having an official included methods less time squandered. Another piece of The Spirit of the Game is demonstrating regard for your colleagues and rivals. This â€Å"philosophy† is the thing that makes Ultimate Frisbee unique in relation to all other sports.â â â â â      Once you make sense of how to toss the plate, Ultimate’s a really simple game to learn. The game beginnings with the two groups arranging on far edge zones, the host group loses to the rival group; that begins the point.

Sustainability The Triple Bottom Line & Business

Question: Examine about theSustainability for the Triple Bottom Line Business. Answer: Presentation My course in Sustainable Business has acquainted me with a few ideas in organizations. These ideas in business are generally elusive in nature however can effectsly affect exercises of the business and on its clients. These parts of conversation in business manageability are moderately new in nature yet their belongings have been felt in business since ages through clients and society. I have chosen the theme, The Triple Bottom Line and business, wherein I will talk about the significant triple main concern that are utilized in organizations and their impact on business manageability. The Triple Bottom Line in Business In a seminar on general administration we are trained different themes like money related, human and asset on organizations and their belongings. These are substantial things that can without much of a stretch be comprehended and felt, consequently there impacts to make business manageability should be resolved. The triple primary concern was first proposed by John Elkington in the year 1994 to consider the effect of different business works so as to make an incentive for the business(Hall, 2011). The three primary concern is characterized by benefit, planet and individuals. I have taken in the significance of every one of these main concerns and their relevance on organizations in my course. The ideas are applicable to comprehend in current situation as it will help me in contributing towards building an economical association. As I complete my course, and enter work in any association, the difficulties that I will confront is to act in climatic change, asset exhaustion, destitution , overfishing and top oil, that will turn out to be increasingly intricate in days to come. In the event that I am ready to sufficiently apply the tree primary concerns of in business then I will have the option to accomplish a manageable business model(Savitz, 2012). Figure 1: Triple Bottom lines utilized in business Source : (Hall, 2011) The triple primary concerns have been applied to Coles Supermarkets business of Wesfarmers in Australia so as to comprehend the ideas better(Coles, Retrieved on ninth August 2016). Individuals involves the different practices that an association rehearses as far as its work. In triple main concern technique the practices are proposed or coordinated towards an equal social structure which applies arrangements and practices for the prosperity of work just as for different partners. I have seen Coles Supermarkets rehearses approaches for work that are expected to make more prominent bravo. They have given adequate opportunity to their representatives for cooperating with their clients and making their work jobs progressively unique and effective(Savitz, 2012). Coles make esteem expansion for its providers too with the end goal that they can develop their organizations corresponding to Coles. Planet measurement incorporates the ecological factors and effects that is made by the organization. Coles utilizes the earth so as to create their private name brand items and bundles their materials. Coles creation offices is structured so that it produces least measures of squanders. I have seen Coles to follow lean assembling forms for squander decrease and utilizing recyclable items any place they can. Coles has economical bundling rules, that empowers them to bundle their items utilizing recyclable materials. The organization has been known to utilize its transportation framework with the end goal that base measure of contamination can be created and they use a similar vehicle for conveyance and for getting items from providers along these lines lessening by and large oil utilization. They can additionally utilize remedial eco-frameworks to make their association really reasonable in nature(Willard, 2012). Benefit for the authoritative exercises can be best delighted in when the monetary advantages are appreciated by the general public. Coles conveys a few pieces of its monetary benefits in making esteems included administrations for the general public. An association that makes progress toward just financial benefits disregarding esteem expansion to the general public may be viewed as serving the enthusiasm of its investors just and overlooking the more prominent government assistance of the general public. Be that as it may, Coles through its different undertakings is attempting to make effect and impact on the general public in general too. They stretched out support of mature age homes and a few other worth included services(Hubbard, 2009). End The triple main concern in organizations is utilized so as to make manageability for organizations. Organizations need to see the effect of their work in a more extensive point of view of the worth expansion that they make for the general public regarding its kin, planet and benefit. I have noticed that a business that has beneficial outcomes on the general public is bound to make a positive brand picture in the brains of its clients and providers just as the network. In my course the significance of society for organizations have been profoundly dissected from which I can presume that a business can't work without the general public as it gets extensive favorable circumstances from it. In spite of the fact that it may be trying for organizations to send all its capital structures to keep up all the triple main concerns yet it can attempt to connect a portion of the significant factors with the end goal that it can make its business economical. In the course I have adapted monstrousl y with respect to the different elements of organizations and how they can impact a business or can get an incentive from it. In my future extent of work in any association I will attempt to execute the triple main concern in any event to my specialty or specialized topic to such an extent that the association just as the network can pick up from it. References Coles. (Recovered on ninth August 2016). Coles Corporate Responsibility. https://www.coles.com.au/corporate-duty. Corridor, T. J. (2011). The triple primary concern: what is it and how can it work?.Indiana business review,86(1), 4. Hubbard, G. (2009). Estimating hierarchical execution: past the triple base line.Business Strategy and the Environment,18(3), 177-191. Savitz, A. (2012).The triple primary concern: How the present best-run organizations are accomplishing monetary, social and ecological achievement - and how you can as well. John Wiley Sons. Willard, B. (2012).The new manageability advantage: seven business case advantages of a triple main concern. New Society Publishers.

Shall We Dance

Shall We Dance Slow, Quick, Quick, Slow, Quick, Quick, Slow That count resounded in my head all Monday night. As part of my summer of fun, a few friends of mine and I decided to take advantage of free dance lessons offered at MIT. Initially, I was actually a little confused when I looked online for information. One ballroom dance website had the lessons listed on Mondays and the other site had the lessons listed as occurring on Tuesdays and Thursdays. EUREKA! Surprisingly, Id made a discovery. MIT actually has both a ballroom dance club and team, ergo the two websites. Monday night, the Ballroom Dance Club offered lessons in Mambo. My friend Jackie and I checked them out in the Student Center, and we had a great time. Jackies a great dancer, so she made me look better than I actually am. She was also Dance Troupe president last year. Surprisingly, once you get an idea of the count, its not that hard to follow. By the end of the 1 hour lesson, we had a routine together (It also doubled as a pretty good workout as well) Aspiring ballroom dancers learn to dance the Foxtrot. Thats my friend, Spencer 07, on the right showing off his Dance 360-worthy dancing skills. Tuesday and Thursday nights, the ballroom dance team will be offering their lessons. I actually became intrigued in ballroom dance last semester when the team hosted a competition at MIT. Teams from all over the country were at MIT dressed in tuxedos and colorful dresses ready to vie for the number one spot. Next Tuesdays lessons will be about 2.5 hours long, but well be learning two dances. The American Waltz and the Bolero. Exciting! This summer, the teams will also be hosting parties where we can show off our new moves. Hopefully, I can make it to one of those. Speaking of dance lessons, summer bhangra lessons have also started. They will be every Wednesday night in Burton Conner. I might check those out as well. I also recently discovered the number of dance-reality tv shows on TV. Theres one on ABC, Dancing with the Stars, a new American Idol spinoff coming sometime this summer, and then my favorite, Dance 360 (Tag your man, Tag your man yes, ladies and gentlemen they do say that on national television). Any dancers out there want to share some advice to an amateur dancer ie me or any MIT folks want to talk about their dance experiences? How do they expect us to memorize and keep all these dances fresh in our minds without them all running together?

Why I Am Writing An Essay - 883 Words

Essays are important because they let people revel their personalities. Many individuals have a problem with writing due to writers blockage. Why is this? Starting an essay can be the most challenging part. Often times students over think the topic and draw a blank. Instead they should think of ideas and start jotting down the ideas. There will be time in later drafts to correct mistakes and improve the written material. When I am writing an essay I concentrate primarily on timing, ideas, and editing. Before I begin the process of writing I choose a time that I can relax without interruptions. I enjoy being alone when I am writing because I can concentrate; where as, if I try to write with my son awake I am constantly stopping what I am doing to help him. By stopping in the middle of the thinking process I loose my train of thought. I have a hectic schedule at this point and time. With that being said I have designated three times throughout the day that I can sit, think, and write. After I get my son on the school bus I prefer to start gathering the ideas I will use for my essay. I use this time since I do not have that much time in the mornings due to everyday errands. Another way I make time for writing is in between my college classes. It is a good way to pass time while waiting for my next class to begin. Finally my favorite time to write is at night when everyone in my household is asleep. At night the house is very quiet. I feel as though it is just me and theShow MoreRelatedMy Writing As A Writer1700 Words   |  7 PagesWhat kind of writer am I? That’s a trick question for which there is not a satisfactory answer. My experience with writing has never been my favorite. In fact, English has always been my least favorite subject. Studying math and science is what I enjoy; these have come rather easy for me. English, for some reason I will never understand, has always required extra effort for me actually to do well. Sure, there have been plenty o f times that I have been required to write a few research papers, severalRead MoreThe Influence Of Music On Emotions995 Words   |  4 Pagesendless. But music has a profound effect on all of them as I stated earlier. Levitin and I both realize it s influence. So why do I always write about the influence of music on emotions. We ll looking at my first essay it is easy to see. I clearly state â€Å" Since music is so psychologically important in my mind, I find it no problem to believe that I am an emotional listener† (personal essay pg 2). If I am an emotional listener why can I not be an emotional writer. The theme of emotions are universalRead MoreI Am Confident For My Writing1118 Words   |  5 PagesWriting has never been my strong suit so I understood why I had been placed into EWRT 211. Before this class I had not written an essay since I was a junior in high school (six years ago). I have always struggled with writing, but it was not until my first diagnostic essay that I realized how terrible my writing skills were. Everything about the diagnostic essay screamed that I did not know what I was doing. Since then, I have noticed a vast improvement in my writing. This class has taught me howRead MoreI Am Happy That I Didn t Believe This Class Is Almost Over Summer Went By Fast.904 Words   |  4 PagesI can t believe this class is almost over; summer went by fast. I am happy that I learned numerous concepts that have helped me improve my writing, such as grammar concepts, APA format, word choice, persuasive essays, and cause and effect essays. First, there are several grammar concepts that I feel like I will remember. The FANBOYS mnemonic device I learned in this class will help me remember coordinating conjunctions (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So). We need to use a comma + a conjunction (andRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of College Writing1004 Words   |  5 Pages Why do some college freshmen find it harder to write an essay in college than in high school?† College freshmen usually struggle with the transition from high school writing to college writing. They do not know that the writing in college has a lot of differences. They also do not know that college writing has different rules. These students get confused with these rules. There are many other reasons cause these struggles. There are different styles in writing, for example: In college writingRead MorePurpose Of Me Writing This Portfolio979 Words   |  4 PagesThe purpose of me writing this portfolio is so my reviewers can understand the struggle that i have went through but also the improvement that I have went through this far in the semester. In my final portfolio I am going to put three types of essays the first one is going to be a timed essay the one I am going to put in of the timed essay is going to be my classification timed essay I did this semester. So you can see the growth I made this semester and the difference in my writing when it comes toRead MoreMy Journey : My Educational Journey973 Words   |  4 PagesMy Journey I began my journey of writing on May 7, 2017 when I began taking English 1301 at Texas State Technical College. When entering the course, I did not feel that the course was relevant to complete my educational journey. Writing was not one of my strongest points, so this journey was a difficult one. During the course I learned how to better prepare myself for writing and composing assignments, how to construct an outline, proper sentence structure, and punctuation. I feel this journey willRead MoreMy Life As A Writer. From Childhood I Did Not Love Writing1195 Words   |  5 Pages My Life as a Writer From childhood I did not love writing and did not put much effort into developing my writing skills. Although I used to hate writing, I did love reading from the moment I remember myself. I think the reason why I didn’t like writing is because I used to like just absorbing information rather than expressing my opinion about it on the paper. I believe that my mom was the one, who flourished in me love to books and reading. My momRead MoreDifferent Steps in my Writing Process771 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent techniques in their writing process. Some people analyze the prompt and others simply glance over it. Although, everyone is taught the same writing process they still have their own way of writing. In order to make their paper standout, they need to think creatively. Writing can be a piece of cake or difficult for students. Many students pay attention to certain steps more. I pay more attention to brainstorming ideas, but sometimes in order to be an effective writer I nee d to focus on everythingRead MoreThe Famous Last Thoughts Of My Dying Hope For Success1492 Words   |  6 Pagesclass, your essays are due tomorrow,† the famous last thoughts of my dying hope for success. Ever since writing mo longer became about how well you understood and developed ideas, my progression towards a well published essay slowly rolled down the hill to failure. This could be caused by my lack of discipline, drive to perfection, or my sheer ability to misspell words like misguided, random, and unorganized (which, ironically, are all words that could be used to describe my writing skills). Despite

Tech Resources for Early Childhood Educators

This is a self-guided tour of useful resources for early childhood educators to encourage thinking about how technology can be used in purposeful ways with young children. For a digital handout that accompanies this tour, please click here.   Examining the Possibilities with Kindergartners and Technology Here are three fun videos related to using technology in early childhood classrooms. Miss Nelson is MissingiPad Artwork Inspired by Peter Reynolds The DotIntegrating Technology in a Kindergarten Classroom Next, explore these sites for other ideas. Note that these teachers are using technology with students to create and publish. They are not using tech at lower levels on Blooms Taxonomy. Young children CAN do more sophisticated work!   The Connected Kinders: Turning iPad Experiments into Adventures in Innovative LearningGoing on a Bear Hunt Using QR CodesHow Kristi Meeuwse Teaches with an iPadTalking Animal ReportsEdutopias Resources for Using iPads in Grades K-2 Exploring iPad Apps iPads are amazing devices for content creation, not just consumption! Ideally, educators should strive to provide opportunities for student voice and choice, designing lessons and projects that allow students of all ages to create content. Heres a collection of apps are more focused on creation than consumption and if you havent seen Osmo, check out this device that using iPads to create really innovative learning games for kids.   Other places to find high quality ed tech materials: AppolearningGraphiteKindertownKinderchat Symbaloo Publishing with Young Children Publishing should be a universal activity in all early childhood classrooms. Check out the following iBook examples:   The Adventures of the Monkey and the Cat by KinderPris Ridge International SchoolConnecting Classrooms: Activities to Promote Global Collaboration by Ben SheridanFamily Time with Apps by the Joan Ganz Cooney FoundationGlobal Book: Schools Around the World by Kristen PainoGlobal Book: Shelters Around the World by Kristen PainoA Global iBook by Meg WilsonInspired Young Authors by Jane RossMy Pet Monster by Jason Sand and Others Building Your Own ECE Personal Learning Network Use social media to enhance your own learning and to connect to others. Here are a few suggestions to get started with connecting to other educators and learning from their best practices. First, join Twitter, and start following other ECE educators and organizations. Then, start participating in Kinderchat, a Twitter chat where kindergarten teachers come together to discuss relevant topics and share resources. Finally, start finding ideas for your classroom by perusing the following blogs and pinterest boards. Blogs Enabling EnvironmentsiTeach with iPadsPassion for EYFSTechnology in Early Childhood Pinterest Augmented RealityKid World CitizenKindergarten - iPadThe Kindergarten SmorgasboardPlayful Learning Investigating Making and Tinkering The Maker Education movement is growing within US schools. What does this look like in early childhood classrooms? Starting points for further exploration may include TinkerLab. Some early childhood classrooms are also exploring the possibilities of digital making through robotics and coding. Check out Bee-Bots, Dash and Dot, Kinderlab Robotics, and Sphero.   Connecting Globally The first step to connecting globally is to get connected yourself. Use social media to meet other teachers, and youll find that project opportunities will organically happen. Projects tend to be more successful when professional relationships are established first; people just seem to be more invested if connections happen first. If you are new to global projects, youll want to get to the point where youre co-designing experiences for students with virtual colleagues. In the meantime, join existing communities and projects in order to get a feel for the project design process. Below are a few starting points and exemplars: The Global Classroom ProjectHello Little World SkypersProjects by JenSkype in the ClassroomiEARN USA Thinking About PD and Additional Resources   Face to face professional development opportunities also an ideal way to participate in professional development. For early childhood specific events, we recommend the NAEYC Annual Conference and the Leveraging Learning  conference. For general ed tech information, think about attending ISTE and if youre interested in creative uses of technology and the Maker Movement, consider attending Constructing Modern Knowledge.   Also, the  Chicago-based Erikson Institute has a site devoted to the role of educational technology in early years classrooms.  This site is a unique resource dedicated to helping early childhood professionals and families make informed decisions about tech. Finally, weve curated a massive list of ECE resources in an Evernote notebook. Well be continuing to add to this, and are welcome to browse our collection!

The Third Gender Free Essays

Kaleen Rodriguez ENC 1102 Exploratory Essay The Third Gender What is the role of the third gender in South Asia? How does Asian society identify the third gender? I walked into my best friend Joel’s room this morning extremely excited to have lunch with him after a long four months without seeing him and on my journey to his room I picked up a paper that was lying by his door. I picked it up and the title was â€Å"Hijra† as I continued to read this paper, it had me very intrigued, fast. It so happens that earlier that week I was talking to my mom about Pride Fest which is a LGBT festival here in South Florida. We will write a custom essay sample on The Third Gender or any similar topic only for you Order Now So, my question arose, how do others across the world view what we recognize as the LGBT community (Gay,Lesbian,Bi-sexual, and Transgender)? , and finding this paper only made my thought more concise, what is â€Å"The Third Gender†? In the west we have LGBT and we also have drag queens who are men who act as women for a short period of time under certain circumstances and it is acceptable. The definition of gender as a performative (Butler) is defined as how you act in your society. Doing research for this topic was significantly easy; finding various points of views was the harder part. Looking through scholarly essays I was able to find â€Å"With Respect to Sex: Negotiating Hijra Identity in South India† by Reddy, Gayatri and â€Å"The Hijras of India. †Ã‚   by Nanda, Serena. Two of which were my primary resources for what I am about to explain. In South Asia there is LGBT, but what they consider cross dressers, and transvestites are called Hijra’s which generally is considered a third gender role in India. Hijra’s are males who dress and act as females. There are rites of passage for becoming a Hijra. This rite of passage includes the act of removing the genitals and burying them in the ground which basically show they’re devotement to the Hijra life style, but less than 10% actually commit to eliminating their genitals (Gueste0d1c4). Hijra’s adopt female aspects and behavior. Some Hijra’s are sex workers and some are performers and that is how they earn a living, which causes them to live outside of the city in their own communities. The ones that live in the community and are sex workers live in worse conditions then those who are performers (Reddy, Gayatri ). By performer’s I mean Hijra’s do performances at weddings and festivals. All of their performances are focused and essentially done for Bahuchara Mata (Mother Goddesses), who is worshipped all over India. Mother Goddess is said to have given the Hijra’s a special place in Indian society, so because of this, all Hijra’s devote themselves to her. Overall besides the relationship with the Mother Goddess, the relationship that is most important in the Hijra community is the one with the Guru which is a master/teacher and also a Chela which is a disciple (Gueste0d1c4). Therefore, when a person wants join the Hijra community they are taken to a city called Bombay and become acquainted with one of the major Gurus, in total there are seven. (Reddy, Gayatri) Being on the outside looking in. What gives the Hijra’s power also eliminates their power in society because they emasculate themselves to prove they’re actually Hijra’s, but in that sense they could never be accepted in society because they could never be a man to produce children, which essentially is the role of a man. At times most Hijra’s are maltreated because of this. Hijra’s have rules under their own domain. The most prominent cultural aspect of the Hijra is the asexual description, although many Hijra’s are said to be homosexual (Nanda, Serena). They identify themselves as neither a man nor woman, being perfectly imperfect. As a Hijra, there are many times you might encounter a discourteous crowd and the way they show their response towards this is to lift their skirts or dresses and show their maimed genitals (Nanda, Serena). Taking a few moments in my day to question what the Hijra’s really feel do they feel that they are in the wrong body as many trans gender’s claim or do they just wish to be of the opposite sex? I wanted to see Hijra’s what they looked like, their gestures and all. I decided to YouTube a video on them and I was able to find it and many different answers to my question above. It came to my attention that more than half of the Hijra’s documented have been attracted to men from a very young age, or so they say. The first Hijra in this YouTube video began her story by saying that she always admired the woman lifestyle, wearing the gem in the middle of their eyebrows the clothing attire also known as a saree and as she grew up her walk became more feminine and the way she spoke only followed, basically insisting that she was born in the wrong body. Although, the other small percent in this video mostly agreed that as they grew up and were raised as a male, they just wanted to be like a woman but they are clear on the fact that they were or are men (Ambujablue’s Channel). Becoming more engaged in the Hijra lifestyle I googled as a form of research and I simply typed in â€Å"Hijra Culture† the first thing that arose was a link to a slide show done in 2007. Here I found the history of Hijra’s regarding the Karma Sutra (an ancient Indian text), which is said to have mentioned a third gender (Gueste0d1c4). This to Hijra’s must mean the world, mostly because it somewhat proves that they’re not just getting the transgender idea from the western culture, but that it has existed in the Indian culture long before. Being a Hijra was said to be a disturbing view to the South Asian society, but after India gained their independence the anti-Hijra law was removed. In many different places where I tried to find a statistic of how many Hijras there are, I could not find an accurate number but there is said to be somewhere between 50,000 to 500,000 Hijras in South Asia (Gueste0d1c4). There are two significant theory’s about Hijra’s, one is that every Hijra’s starts as a sex worker, then performer. The second theory is that they are always separate, either a sex worker or a performer never both. Rules only exist within their society, and once outside of the Hijra community these rules don’t exist; they are simply seen as a transgender person. The Hijra’s are very prone to being infected with HIV/AIDS because of being sex workers. Truth be told, that is how they make a living even though their living is not anywhere near a good standing. It is very difficult for a Hijra to be invited to perform in a wedding or a child’s birth, so being sex workers is their best option. Hijra’s are not only maltreated emotionally but also physically. Those who are completely against the Hijra culture abuse them, brutally. They beat them in their own homes, along the streets, in markets, even in police stations (Gueste0d1c4). Knowing this reminds me that this is something most transgender societies have in common, they are abused mostly verbally on the Western side but the physical abuse is still taking action. As I continued my research I attempted to find various points of view on the Hijra, little did I realize there are really only three; for, against, or nonchalant. I thought to myself well, most people in the Western society have altered their point of view to for or nonchalant on the transgender topic and are disclosing being against it. Meanwhile, maybe not as rapid but slowly, those on the other side of the world are adapting to this view or â€Å"Third Gender† as well. What I did as another form of research was conduct a survey in order to get a general outlook on what others believe or think about the Hijra. I surveyed a total of twenty people. Ten of which were my family and friends and ten who were complete strangers. The response I generally received was â€Å"whatever makes them happy† basically proving that the outlook is shifting drastically in comparison to a few years prior. I only received three responses out of twenty that were completely against the Hijra, and I also realized that those three people were all around the same age range which was 57-62. I believe that says something only because it is common that the older generations in our society are more likely to be against this â€Å"new† LGBT â€Å"trend† as they say. Only enforcing that as the generations increase it is becoming more accepted. All of this research has shown me that there is more to being a Hijra then what many of us know or think we know. It is something one must truly want and it is a decision you have to stick with no matter how challenging times may get. Works Cited: Ambujablue’s Channel, . â€Å"Documentary . † Youtube . N. p. , 2008. Web. 19 Mar 2012. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=QntUgXwzZH0. Chisel, Jasmonae. â€Å"The Hijras of India†. Xavier University. Voice Lab no. 9. WorldPress. com Gueste0d1c4, India. N. p. , 2009. Web. 19 Mar 2012. http://www. lideshare. net/gueste0d1c4/hijra-culture. Meena Balaji and Ruth Lor Malloy. â€Å"Hijras: who we are† Think Asia, 1997. 32 pgs. Print. Nanda, Serena. â€Å"The Hijras of India. †Ã‚  Journal of Homosexuality  (1986): 35-54. Web. Reddy, Gayatri. â€Å"With Respect to Sex: Negotiating Hijra Identity in South India†. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago, 2005. 78-98. Print. Reddy, Gayatri. ‘Men’ Who Would Be Kings: Celibacy, Emasculation, and the Re-Production of Hijras in Contemporary Indian Politics. Social Research; Spring2003, Vol. 70 Issue 1. Print. How to cite The Third Gender, Essay examples

Leadership / Management in Organizations

Abstract Today it is apparent that there is need to understanding true leadership styles due diversification in employment patterns. The discipline of management seems to be surrendering its role to that of leadership. The style of leadership is a main concern over employees’ and eventually organization’s performance. A highly performing leader steers activities to expected heights but this requires strong leadership style.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Leadership / Management in Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Leadership is guidance or assistance procedures mainly concern with the way people create rapport, communicate and live by the significances for life (Hargreaves, 2003). According to Hargreaves (2003), for a leadership style to be effective, it is imperative to share control values. The process of leadership or management is considerably complex due to differences on anticipated results or expectations among the staff. People have different believes, synergy or energy levels, expectations, experiences, and technological advancements among other aspects. The differences bring about superimposing experiences, thus placing very high expectations and challenges to a leadership style. Management lacks measurable elements or factors to meet expectations. Thesis Statement â€Å"Analysis of necessary skills required for successful management within an organization† This paper is an analysis of strategies required to implement management policies and the procedures for effective governance, as well as its implication to future performance. It is an analysis of the employee behavioural patterns in relation to the style of management and lastly it analyzes the available perspectives into controlling performance. Objective/significance of the study The main objective of the paper focuses on analysis of policies and procedures required to enforcing p erformance and it is equally an analysis of the developmental problems associated with styles of management in an organization. Another significance of the study focuses on the global approach towards management. The paper also forms an analysis over other probable choices in the subject matter beside the academically documented material. It is the analysis of what determines good guidance through utilization of the new professionally suggested measures to enhance employee performance. Hypothesis Are managers enhancing the proper mechanisms required to monitor, guide, encourage and evaluate employee performance? There are various ways of addressing or eliminating the social problems regarding management. Methodology/Procedure of the study The literature reviews will enable better understanding of the topic. Analysis of literature in the research over the chosen topic enhances and quantifies the research as a study topic and prepares for respondents. Information collected therefore t abulates and ranks the findings to broad areas and helps to narrow the scope to the objectives of the study analysis. The analysis then draws the conclusion from generally analyzed data in the literature review.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Literature review The adherents to a chosen style of leadership have a quality control perspective. Good leadership avails chances of interactive participation of all members in the organization regardless of their status: age, gender, cultural difference, and experience by categorizing issues with respect to matters of concern. According to Miller (2008), this is a healthy leadership approach because it enables the employees and other members of the organization to critic or compels the leaders with competitive views and opinions, of which is important for the organizational goals since they assist in validation and keeping t he leader in a lane of reality. In line with MacMillan, (2000) dynamic dialogue cools any conflicting contemplations and maintains the cooperation between the involved parties. Position of leadership styles in the organization One key factor that is evident today is the need to search for and understand leader. The main reason behind the abolition of the eminent traditional styles of administration concerns presentation. These performance levels are unattainable only when the involved groups lack trust of their leaders. Trust is a pre-requisite aspect of leadership that call for those in charge to portray honesty and show concern or care for their followers’ needs and thoughts, but at the same time remain accountable over their deeds (Booyeen, 2008). Secondly, the leader ought to honour commitments and pronouncements. Respect is an inevitable aspect of leadership in which case the leader ought to respect the opinion of others and respond to their requests amicably and respect ably owing to the thought that differences of opinion is an eminent sign of progress. Lastly, it is important for the leaders to have a set of values, which their followers can identify with or connect to such as courageousness, reliability, integrity, competence, honesty, altruism, and fairness (MacMillan, 2000). According to Hargreaves (2003), trust is like a pillar that runs through every aspect of leadership thus ensuring its success. People will take a considerable amount of time to trust and thus the leader should have great consistent efforts over honest style of leadership. Distinction between leadership and management Historically, the managers dominate most of the governance styles. The main differences lie between various supreme approaches to services. Managers have a value of results while leaders value relationships among members. There is high regards over positions in management while this is not evident in leadership.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Leadership / Management in Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The leaders take reputed high risks compared to the managers and are personal, caring and avoid copying the rules of others (Heifetz, 2004). On the other hand, traditionally the manages will often conform to existing rules and want to ensure protection of the status quo over change, thus making the leaders more innovative and ready to change for the better (Heifetz, 2004). The leaders’ style of guidance is non-functional thus inspiring and motivational compared to the management style of functionally analyzing, evaluating and solving problems from a personal perspective. Unless the managers are ready to embrace this kind or governance, then the system will always fail. The leadership hierarchy restrains the flow of unnecessary information, poor policies of the firm, agendas that conflict governance as well as pressures for the need to conf orm thus making the style incredibly difficulty over the provision of overall directions (Mathias et al, 2007). According to Heifetz (2004), the issues of leadership in organizations have revolutionized due to introduction of diversification, and therefore the reference of leadership made over the decades concerning the ability to hold top management positions has become obsolete. Today the top management positions and their functions are still in common usage, but current trends indicate that people have discoveries concerning the distinction between managers and leaders. The process of exercising leadership skills, styles and qualities has a different meaning of providing a vision and influence of those led into realization of coexistence and sharing of thoughts. From an analytical or professional point of view, it is possible to define the leadership style of governance as the ability to have considerations of various aspects in the organization such as age, gender, performance, experience and energy differences, characterized by an emphasis over good relations. In this situation, the leader is a good listener who is approachable and friendly. This style entails openness thus enlisting the mental trust among those involved. Secondly is the ability to engage a leadership behaviour that directs an organization and assists in defining goals, structure and style of execution (Hargreaves, 2003).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Current leadership styles Today the technological change has made the organizations to become more dynamic and therefore the leadership styles of focusing attention has equally become vibrant, on-going and very important procedures. It is important for a leader to have good solid knowledge and approaches to combat the organizational differences as well as engage continuous and alternative choices that steers organization forward in terms of development (Hargreaves, 2003). One of the most fundamental issues concerning leadership involves the ability to communicate effectively. A good leader must be in a position of convincing people on how to focus on the ideas perceived to be important and developmental and cater for each group. The methods and styles of communication lack good definition in most organizations. Every leader has a personal way of pronouncement, which varies from formal to casual in both written and spoken forms. The main aim eventually is the consistency and ability to attract attention and peoples’ actions. Today the successful leaders realize that there exists no single method of behaving. The leaders must read a group’s situation and come up with the most appropriate leadership behavioral pattern to combat the situation at hand. This is the only right and most appropriate procedures for the leaders because it enables the groups involved to fit the competency level. Conclusion Leadership styles have a close connection to behavior. In the assessment of a group’s leadership needs, there is need to translate skills to communicative behavior. For instance, if a leader finds that a certain group needs strong guidance, it is then wise to suggest direction, make different assignments, and possibly vet unrealistic suggestions. Leadership skills calls for one to find and balance the member’s thought, support viable decisions, and give authority to act. All the leadership styles have a strong basis on communication, and not skills, experience, lack or personality. The connection between group members brings about cooperation, and unique leadership styles that solve group problem effectively thus making the group to become more effective (Miller, 2008). A good or efficient group only requires a small, early but strong guidance to become and remain productive. References Booyens, S.W. (2008). Introduction to Health Service Management. South Africa. SA: Juta and Company Ltd. Print. Heifetz R A. (2004). Leadership without Easy Answers. London, Harvard University Press. Print. Hargreaves, A. (2003). Teaching in the Knowledge Society. New York, NY: Teachers’ College Publishes. Print. MacMillan, R. B. (2000). Leadership succession: Cultures of teaching and educational change. New York, NY: Routledge/Falmer Publishers. Print. Mathis, R, L., Jackson, J. H. and Elliott, T. L. (2007). Human Resource Management. Thomson Southwestern Publishers. Print. Miller, C. (2008). Cultural Diversity is an Opportunity. Web. This research paper on Leadership / Management in Organizations was written and submitted by user Cameron B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Ask for an Awesome Letter of Recommendation

How to Ask for an Awesome Letter of Recommendation How to Ask for an Awesome Letter of Recommendation A letter of recommendation is exactly what it sounds like: a letter from someone you know, vouching for your qualities as a student/employee. Most colleges require a letter (or letters) of recommendation as part of their admission process. Likewise, employers and scholarship boards value letters of recommendation highly. Even future presidents need a letter of recommendation when starting out. Many students assume that every letter of recommendation is the same, but the quality of your letter can make a big difference. As such, it’s worth putting thought into whom you ask and how you go about this. Whom to Ask? Someone Who Knows You While a recommendation from a famous name in academia might look good at first, it will seem hollow unless it comes from someone who actually knows you and your work. It’s therefore vital that the person you ask is someone with whom you have worked, like a teacher whose class you’ve taken or a research supervisor. Someone Who Likes You This might sound obvious, but it’s always better if you’re on good terms with the person you ask for a recommendation! Try to establish a good relationship with teachers/professors early on, especially if you know you’ll need a letter of recommendation from them in the future. Subject-Specific Teachers Many colleges ask for a recommendation from your subject teachers, as these will have the best idea of your capabilities in specific fields. How to Ask? Leave Plenty of Time If you want a good recommendation, make sure to ask well before your application deadline. This is important, since college professors are often asked to write letters of recommendation by dozens of students, so they won’t have as much time to give yours consideration if you leave it to the last minute. You should, therefore, always ask at least a month before the deadline (longer if possible) so your referee can compose a thoughtful letter of recommendation. Be Organized! As well as time, your referee will need certain information to write your letter of recommendation. This will typically include your resume, details about your application(s) and relevant contact information. Be Polite! We hope this goes without saying, but asking politely is a good idea if you’re hoping your referee will write a strong, supportive letter of recommendation in return. Likewise, once your referee has supplied a recommendation, a thank you note rarely goes  amiss. And remember, if you’re not polite to your referee, your recommendation letter might not turn out quite how you wanted.

Meaning of the suffix -ee

Meaning of the suffix -ee Meaning of the suffix -ee Meaning of the suffix -ee By Guest Author This is a guest post by Tony Hearn. If you want to write for Daily Writing Tips check the guidelines here. Time was when the suffix -ee lived a quiet and well-ordered life in its own restricted little corner. Your bank slips would ask for the name of the payee, perhaps. Lawyers would talk about vendee and grantee. It was clear enough. The entity with the -ee was the recipient. All neat and tidy. But no more. I dont know what its been fed, but -ee is now mutant and rampaging. The suffix is derived through French -Ã ©(e) ultimately from the Latin suffix -a-tus. For those who care, its the past participle of -a- stem verbs, signifying something having been done. As such it is passive, not active. Hence the agent is the payer and the recipient the payee. In its passive sense its been around for a long while, especially in the Law. Vendee and grantee, for example, refer to the indirect object of an action (the person to whom something is done). Payee refers to a direct object (the recipient of an action). Interviewee as someone being interviewed dates from 1880-85. Trainee is unexceptionable enough. Taxee, a person who is taxed has made its ugly appearance in the Urban Dictionary, though it remains unknown to my published dictionaries. More such misfits exist. Somewhere along the line someone who should have known better morphed the suffix -ee into an all-purpose active termination. Absentee seems to be an early example (1537!), but here perhaps the idea is that a person has absented himself. No such excuse attaches to the modern plague. Now we have attendees who should surely be attenders. This gains 456,000 hits on a Google search! Apparently the rot set in early: the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary gives 1937 as the earliest citation. And what about standee: 147,000 hits? Have our readers got any more horrors to add to this rogues gallery? I am left wondering whether my bank clerk knows the difference any longer between payer and payee. It could make a lot of difference! Tony Hearn has had a lifetimes love affair with language and with English in particular. As a Primary School teacher in England he has promoted a love of language and the importance of a mastery of its use. He enjoys the byways of websites like The Phrase Finder. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Dialogue Dos and Don'ts15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsCharles's Pen and Jesus' Name

Commercialism in schools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Commercialism in schools - Research Paper Example However, a business can only assist a school by giving in a sustainable manner and this means that the ways in which businesses interact with schools ought to be creative, beneficial and useful for everyone. A business must earn, involve people in activities, try to expand economic activity and try to fulfill needs. Commercialism is the way of life in the United States of America and the world, but it is important to carry on with commercialism in a responsible manner to create and not to damage all those who are involved. Thus, despite the flawed schemes of the past, it is likely that business involvement in schools will continue in the future, with more creative and constructive schemes for interaction evolving with time. This study presents a critical discussion about commercialism in schools from a historical perspective and utilizes a process of examining reports presented over the years past about the commercialism in schools phenomenon. The 2002 Alex Molnar and Joseph Reeves Article presenting Systematic Data related to Growth of Schoolhouse Commercialism and the Assault on Educative Experience in Journal of Curriculum and Supervision 7 The Ninth Annual Report on Commercialism in Schools by Alex Molnar, Published by Arizona State University Commercialism in Education Research Unit on November 2006 12 Article Moving from Theory to Practice: One Teacher’s Journey towards a Commercial-Free Classroom by Cathy Hart, Published in Canadian Teachers Federation Newsletter, Volume 6, No. 3, 2006 19 The March 24, 2003 Article on Commercialism in Schools: A Moral Imperative for School Leaders by Tom Goodney, Published on March 24, 2003 by Miami University Initiative Anthology 20 Figure 3: Combined total Hits for Media

The Political Freedom of Self Under Islamic Regulations Essay

The Political Freedom of Self Under Islamic Regulations - Essay Example In this research paper, I’ll analyze the idea and conception of one’s political freedom in Islam, and how we can achieve it. In the beginning, I’ll quote Qur’anic verses that have particularly emphasized freedom and then, I’ll discuss al nafs (self) and its freedom in Quran. I’ll also examine the extent of man’s freedom in his actions and its political application. In addition, I’ll explore how a complete surrender to Allah’s will and message brings freedom for self. Moreover, I’ll thoroughly explain Qutb’s investigation on how complete surrender to Allah’s will brings freedom and end enslavement of other humans or systems. Additionally, I’ll explain Isaiah Berlin’s ideas of freedom and his critique of â€Å"positive freedom† in an effort to identify their relevance with Qutb’s. Lastly, I’ll explore the idea of jihad (struggle in the way of Allah or struggle against unbeliever) as Qutb refers it as a universal declaration of freedom and the way it is established. Semantically, freedom can mean a variety of things, but in this paper freedom shall be understood within the realms of Islam and within the two concept of freedom as explained by Isaiah Berlin. These two concepts are negative freedom, and positive freedom. Negative freedom is centered on the lack of restraints and constraint in carrying out actions, whereas positive freedom is the complete opposite. In positive freedom, one is restrained or allowed to act in a certain way on the basis of moral code. Muslims are free to act as they want as they can take their own decisions (determinism and mon). They are responsible for their actions; therefore, they need to purify their actions and self. In an effort to purify the inner self, they follow the regulations set by Islam. Jihad Asghar constitute three stages of self, and practicing it

Change Management Process And Basic Needs Management Essay

Change Management Process And Basic Needs Management Essay Change as we call it is quite inevitable and it is very necessary in todays fast changing environment and competition. Organizational change management is focused at when big changes need to take place. There are numerous change management models that can be used by companies today in order to successfully implement the change and meet its objectives. The Kurt Lewin Model is an old model still used today. Change management aims at bringing better results than those currently experienced. In change management one understands that there are better ways of performing a particular task in an effective and efficient manner while meeting all the customers expectations and standards of performance. So we can use the ADKAR model here to manage change. Change management theory has 5 principles based upon it like: At first we see that people display and show different reactions to change as each individual is different and unique in their own way. Secondly people strive to meet their basic needs regardless of their stature, occupation or living standards. Thirdly for each of the change to take place the person has to loose something initially to help make the implementation of the change successful. All the people put in varied amounts of efforts for the change as per their perception so the change activity needs to be realistic in nature. Change brings with it fear and a feeling of mistrust so change management can only take place if these people face their fears. These five principles need to be implemented properly by the company to actually make the change process feasible and successful. Change management requires acceptability from all the concerned stakeholders as it cannot succeed by acceptance of one but by only a collective effort of many. (Change Management 100 Success Secrets) A good hockey player plays where the puck is. A great hockey player plays where the puck is going to be Wayne Gretzky, Canadian ice hockey player Change Management (2008) Literature Review Kurt Lewin Change Management Model In 1947 Kurt Lewin proposed a three stage theory of Change which is very relevant till date and most newer models are quite based on this model. The three stages are: Unfreeze This is the most critical stage as it involves preparing oneself before a change is implemented. It involves understanding that a change needs to take place and the employees need to get out of the comfort zone. A deadline needs to there to which some reward/punishment is linked to motivate the people to go for the change and accept it. So unfreezing one-self and seeing the inherent advantages outweighing the disadvantages lead to a successful change. This refers to another Kurt Lewins theory called the Force Field Analysis. So as per the Force Field Analysis if the pros outweigh the cons then change can take place smoothly as it acts as a pushing factor but if not then there is resistance which can be detrimental to the objective and purpose of the change. We can actually take a practical example to illustrate the above diagram in a better position in the case of Tata motors in the Analysis section. Change So the next stage is the transition stage where the change actually happens. Here we see people have inhibitions as they are unsure of the results or consequences from the change process are taking place within the organization. Certain factors like training, guides and mentors can be used to make the learning process easier and faster as it helps the people to adapt and understand the objective and rationale for the change activity. Through self involvement and proper communication one can encourage the change to take place in an easier fashion. Freeze This stage is also called the refreezing stage as it involves if there is stability after the change has actually occurred. People now tend to adapt and accept the change and it becomes a part of their daily routine. Change is a continuous process and soon after the implementation of the change the next change process starts off at any point and can finish at any point of time. (Kurt Lewin Change Management Model (1947)) ADKAR: Simple, Powerful, Action Oriented Model for Change This model was developed by Jeff Hiatt, CEO of Prosci Change Management and it was first published in 2003. This model tells us that organizational change can succeed when each of the individual members of the organization transition through the change management process. There are five steps in this model: Awareness of the need for change This involves understanding why a particular change is necessary is the primary aspect of a successful change. We here find out the rationale and need behind the change. So the employee will fully understand why change is necessary. Desire to participate in and support the change Here the employee needs to make a personal decision to support the change and participate in the change. Only when the person is confident and convinced that the change is essential then only will he participate in the change activity. Proper incentives need to be formulated in order to motivate the person not to deter from the path of change. Knowledge on how to change This is the third stage of the model in which knowledge about the change can be imparted through training, mentorship and other educational methods. Two types of knowledge needs to be addressed: knowledge on how to change (things to be done during the transition or the time during which the change is being implemented) and knowledge on how to perform after the change activity is implemented. Ability to implement required skills and behaviors In this part of the building block Ability is referred to the difference between theory and practice. Once knowledge on how to change is in place then this is the theory being referred to and then comes the practical aspect which is the actual performance of the individual. This is a time conduming process and can be successfully implemented through practice, coaching and feedback. Reinforcement to sustain the change In the final stage of the model there is an essential component in which efforts made by the individual to sustain the change are pressed upon. Here it is ensured that changes made stay in place and that the employee does not slip back to his old ways which can be ensured through positive feedback, rewards, recognition, measuring performance and taking corrective actions. ADKAR Model of Change (2003) Kotters 8 steps for Leading Change Dr. John Kotter developed the 8 steps to change which can help organizations to avoid failure and be proactive to change. They are: Acting with Urgency It refers to identification of the problem and crisis areas in regards to the company, market and the competitive forces. Developing the Guiding Coalition Form a team of employees who would be responsible to handle the change efforts in a collective manner. Developing a Change Vision This step involves creating a vision and formulating the strategies to achieve the vision. Communicating the Vision buy-in There needs to be clear communication between the employees and the vision and the means to achieve it both need to be known by all the employees while keeping the team as the source of example. Empowering broad based action Use varied risky ideas, non-traditional means and other techniques not in the book to remove all the obstacles to the change. Generating short term wins Visible improvements need to be planned and all the incumbents should be duly rewarded for their efforts. Do not let up To change all the systems, structures and policies new employees maybe needed to be recruited, old ones removed and other promoted to meet the vision by also putting in new projects, ideas, work patterns, etc. Make change stick Use the leaders in the organization to show its employees the benefits of the change activity in both qualitative and quantitative terms so that people do not digress from the change activity. Kotters 8 steps of change (2005) Beckhard Harris Change Formulae In 1987 Beckhard and Harris developed the Change equation which helps the organization to identify all the possibilities to change. The change equation propounded is: D x V x F > R = Dissatisfaction x Vision x First steps > Resistance to Change All the three components must be present in congruence in order to overcome resistance to change. Dissatisfaction with the current happenings, Vision of what is to come in the near future, and the way/direction/First steps to reach or achieve this vision should all be there to repel the resistance to the change activity. Beckhard and Harriss Change Equation (1987) CASE STUDY Tata Motors Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover, based in the UK, are one of the key global auto majors companies that are engaged in manufacturing luxury sports saloons and sports cars that cater to the premium end of the market. On June 22, 2008; Tata Motors, Indias largest automobile company, acquired the Jaguar Land Rover businesses from Ford Motor Company for a net consideration of US $2.3 billion. (Press Release: 2nd June, 2008) But just immediately after the acquisition; the global financial sector collapsed and squeezed out global liquidity. The consequent lack of access to credit and working capital, along with the meteoric rise in commodities and fossil fuel prices, has an unprecedentedly devastating effect on the global automotive sector. All the automobile companies, hard hit by the crisis, posted major operating losses. Two of the three major U.S. car makers, General Motors and Chrysler, filed for bankruptcy. Jaguar Land Rover was hit hard in the second half of the year ended 31st March 2009. In the U.S, Europe and Japan, sales of new cars have declined by 16% in the second half of the year. Stimulus packages designed to rekindle demand were only partially successful. The volumes at JLR over the 10 months post acquisition reduced by 32% as compared to the comparable period in the previous year resulting in a Loss before tax of GB  £ 281 million. Europe was in doldrums. This was a major concern for the Tatas since it is a big market for Jaguar Land Rover. By the end of January 2009, Tata Motors had US$ 2 billion outstanding as regards the bridge loan. Moreover, JLR required additional investments, that too quickly, in order to sustain its operations that were burning cash at that juncture. Terming the acquisition as irrationally exuberant , critics started questioning the rationale for the companys move To compound the companys woes, the commercial launch of Tata Motors small car Nano required much more time than anticipated. The Nano was always more than just a car. It was Tata group supremo Ratan Tatas dream project to bring an affordable transportation solution within reach of the masses. The promise of a small car priced at Rs. 1 lakh had fired the imagination of an entire nation and the global automotive industry (Forbes) Faced with the altered dynamics of the new business environment, the company adapted its productive model as well as profit strategy to respond to the need of the hour. Prompt action was taken to reduce inventory, improve working capital, reduce investments and payroll costs including more than 2000 job losses. Transition initiatives were undertaken in marketing, customer financing support, IT and related infrastructure. The company appointed KPMG International and also Roland Berger Strategy Consultants to suggest appropriate action plans to reduce costs at the two brands. It retrenched 2,200 employees of JLR since it took over the management of JLR. The move was in sharp contrast to the well entrenched business practices followed by the Tata Group where no employees are retrenched. The company to secure flexible arrangements with the workforce in the UK. Tata Motors had Rs 191 crore in employee separation costs at JLR during the year ended 31st March 2009 The company finalized guarantee arrangements to access a  £340 million loan approved by the European Investment Bank. These funds will be used to develop new technologies for JLR. The Company prepaid part of the said facility out of proceeds of a Rights Issue and certain divestments and the balance outstanding as on March 31, 2009 was US$ 2.02 billion. For repayment of the said amount, the Company in May 2009 raised resources through further divestments and issued Secured Non-Convertible Credit Enhanced Rupee Debentures in four tranches, having tenors upto 7 years, aggregating Rs.4,200 crores on a private placement basis. The balance facility of US$ 1 billion was rolled over and guaranteed by the Company, by extending the final maturity upto December 2010. New launches were planned. Range Rover Evoque is to be launched in summer of 2011. With a view to capitalize on the growing demand for luxury cars in China, the company gave a major thrust to strategy for China and also explored possible assembly in India Tata Motors non-executive vice chairman Ravi Kant was quoted as saying: A lot of restructuring has happened at JLR but these are early days. We will continue with the cost reduction measures. (Press Meet, November 2010) Tata Motors Group CEO and Managing Director Carl-Peter Forster said, We are focussing on reducing costs and selective hiring for JLR. (Hindu) While sales of JLR, along with that of the Indian commercial vehicle segment significantly reduced in 2008-09 during the global meltdown, resulting in a consolidated loss for the company, all these segments registered an impressive recovery in 2009-10, an event that vindicated the sound fundamentals of the Companys longer-term strategies. The revival of Jaguar Land Rover was significant in April 2010 with global unit sales of the two British brands growing 61 percent, compared with the same month the year before. (Automotive News Europe) Source: Tata Motors Press Meet The efforts bore fruit when Tata Motors Limited posted a more than 100-fold gain in profit for the second-quarter ended 30th September 2010. Group net income, including Jaguar Land Rover, reached 22.2 billion rupees ($502 million) in the three months through September, compared with 218 million rupees a year earlier. This was attributable to global economic recovery, growing Chinese and US demand. (India Watch) Jaguar Land Rover reported a profit after tax of  £238 mn for the quarter ending Sept 2010. In a time span of eighteen months after the takeover, Tata Motors was able to turnaround the JLR story, adopting a strategy of cost-cutting and pushing sales. (MSN News) While JLR turnaround has been achieved, the declining sales of the Nano, the worlds cheapest car, continue to a major challenge for Tata Motors. For Nano, again, flexible to change, the company has initiated a pan-India campaign in order to promote and market the car. The strategy is to reach out to that class of buyers who were the original target base of the company. Senior executives at Tata Motors are closely following pro-active measures to reach out to customers. These include ensuring better coordination between banks and customers, facilitating tie-ups with regional finance institutions and opening newer channels to reach out to the end-consumer, among several others. However these efforts are yet to bear fruition. (Rediff) ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION We can see how the Force Field Analysis can be used in the analysis of the Tata Mators case: Eliminates Errors 1 Managers unhappy with clerical work 2 Faster execution of administrative work 1 Requires trained people 2 Online documentation eliminates the use of paper 4 Some of the activity costs shift to high paid staff 2 Reduces need for clerical staff 3 Cost of eliminating clerical staff 1 Increase Control and audit capabilities 1 Start up costs 1 Total 10 Total 8 From the above example we can clearly see that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages thus change can me possibly be implemented. Successful implementation of change is achieved by either making the driving forces strong or by making the preventive forces weak. After all these theories we can also look into some of the facts stated in regards to change management by research scholars in their papers. As per the findings of the paper Nobody in charge: Distributed Change agency in Healthcare we can clearly see that the authors that in complex organizations where a formal structure and environment is not present a more of a distributed change agency can be established where small teams and groups are formed. These teams have a wider scope of roles with distributed responsibility among all the stakeholders which was possible due to the change goals. Here nobody was watching over the other thus change was a lot voluntary. This is a good approach for such organizations to tackle with change. This concept could have been used by Tata Motors also to help in involving all the levels of management to get the due turnaround strategy in a faster and better manner. Nobody in charge: Distributed change agency in healthcare (2009) Another paper on change management in a dynamic business process tells us that we can make the execution of any business process flexible and adaptable to any situation through the change management technique. Run time change management softwares are used to make all the business processes in a company flexible and dynamic thus helping cope up with the demand for changes even after the new process has been implemented. Change Management in Dynamic Business Process (2010) Prof. Robert E. Ledez in his paper has shown change in a totally different picture. According to him employees perceive change with a very negative connotation and often relate it to downsizing, paycuts, layoffs and relocation. So the employees need to alter their mindset and enable change to take place as in this competitive and ever changing world change needs to take place in all forms like new technology, new ideas, innovations, structural changes and others. Change Management: Getting A Tuned Up Organization Kaizen means continuous improvement of productivity and quality which depends on the participation level of the entire workforce. This is a low-cost approach to productivity and quality improvement. Kaizen is applicable not only to the manufacturing sector but also to the service sector, public organizations, and non-profit organizations. Kaizen is one of most critical components of Japanese industrial support in developing countries. Introducing Kaizen (2009) In the review article of Asian Journal of Management Research it has explained change management as one that incorporates the tools of the company which can be utilized to help individuals to make winning personal evolutions resulting in the adoption and realization of change. The concept of change is not new to Indians, because change management programmes were conducted for Ministers in the Indian government and civil service officers during the 1980s. Change should be implemented smoothly while adapting all concerned stakeholders through planning, idea generation, sharing of information, preparation, evaluation, and reinforcing. There has to be the human resource as the backbone of this change. Implanting Change (2010) In the research paper Getting Organizational Change Right in Public Services: the Case of European Higher Education has thrown light towards the need or requirement of organizational change and the way to manage this change. Change for the sake of change can be detrimental to the organization so we can use the Bys model developed in 2007 called the conscious V/s unconscious change management theory which brings in successful organizational change. The rationale for the model is that most employees will realize that change initiatives are put forward and drilled into by personal interests, self preservation, indecision, lack of knowledge and incompetence rather than by requirement, knowledge, choice, competence, awareness and what is in the best interest of the sector and its stakeholders. Journal of Change Mangement (2008) Conclusion Actually in Kaizen (kai means change) and (zen mean for good) which is very relevant for all organizations today. The participative attitude of all the employees in any hierarchy can be used to find out different varied suggestions with regards to change in all the areas of the business. Change Management is a very evoking area and its necessity increases as the current economic and global climate demands constant evolution and change if companies want to prosper and grow. The technological innvovations, products and rising global competition will only enable the change that will be needed in order to compete. One cannot manage the past but can sure take charge of the future. In a book on managing change we see that organizations of today need to identify the skill set required to control, plan and manage the change activity. The employees need to determine the objectives, scope, and the direction of change and then formulate a structured implementation plan to cope with all the changes in the competitive environment. Managing Change (1991) In this book we see that today externally we find ourselves in an unpredictable economy with turbulent markets, self eclipsing technology and dramatic demographic trends which makes change imperative. It says that there needs to be a process of change in which there are Inputs are seen then strategy formulated, Transformation process and then Output is derived for the change activity. Through a proper strategic intent can change be formulated. Managing change (2004) Strategic Intent (1989) This book talks a lot about change and time period for change. It tells that organizations should focus on certain things for success like: Dont Delay the change activity as time and tide wait for no man. Change Today and not Tomorrow as there may be no tomorrow if the problem escalates. Do not let Bureaucracy hinder change. Change is for the good and is possible through proper communication. Change is simple but needs to be adapted well for results. By Reinventing and Repositioning the organization one can deal with all the oppositions to change. If we monitor the market and the environment we can anticipate and forecast change easily. Harvard Business School (2007)

Keep Fit Essay

To keep fit and healthy, follow a healthy and balanced diet everyday. Make sure that your everyday diet includes lots of fruits, vegetables, and protein. You should cut down on red meat, junk foods, caffeine, and sugar intake. Avoid soft drinks or canned fruit juices. Instead, opt for a variety of fresh fruits, vegetable salads, freshly made fruit juices, milk, nutritious energy drinks, etc. You need to be more active in order to keep fit and healthy. Modern life has become very sedentary, with fewer scopes for physical activities. You need to exercise in order to burn those calories. Minimum physical activity slows down your metabolism rate. So, you can put on weight even when you eat less. On the other hand, exercise and a more active life will burn up the calories, even when you eat a little more. You can simply go for a brisk walk, or jog, or you can join a gym. The important thing is that you must include some physical exercise in your everyday life, because fitness and health cannot be achieved without some physical exercise. For a healthy life sufficient sleep is important. Lack of sleep can make you feel tired the next day. So work hard, but make sure that you have enough sleep; so that your body gets the time to replenish itself. Do not skip your breakfast, no matter how busy you are. Breakfast is the first and most important meal of the day. It works as a fuel for your body and keeps you going for the rest of day. If you skip breakfast, you will feel hungrier in the latter part of the day, and you may end up eating more! So, you may run a risk of gaining weight, if you skip your breakfast frequently. If you are not a healthy eater and find it difficult to improve your food habits due to busy, erratic, work schedules, then you may be depriving your body of the essential nutrients that are important for good health. In the long run, unhealthy food habits can lead you to serious health hazards. An easy solution to this problem is to include multi-vitamin supplements in your daily food intake. Multi-vitamins can be taken to replenish the nutritional deficiencies in your daily diet.

The Effects Of Alcoholism On The Genetics Of Alcoholism Essay

There are many different evaluation instruments that are used to test for alcoholism, the results are also used to help with the eventually treatment of the person diagnosed with alcoholism. Some of the evaluation tools that are used to detect alcoholism and the severity are the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA), Alcohol use disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), T-ACE, Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI). SSAGA was created by the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) is used to study the genetic link to alcoholism. (Korsmeyer, P., Kranzler, H., 2009) AUDIT was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with Austria, Bulgari, Kenya. Mexico, Norway and the United States, making it the first screening designed for international use. There are ten sections to the AUDIT test that are scored 0-4 points, the total number o f points determines a person’s severity of alcohol dependency, which is then used to determine the required treatment method. (Korsmeyer, P., Kranzler, H., 2009) MAST is similar to AUDIT as it is a multiple question test, the difference is in the scoring. Each answer is worth 0-1 point and the higher the total, the more the person is at risk for alcoholism. T-ACE is a test specifically for pregnant women, it stands for Tolerance, Annoyed, Cut Down and Eye Opener. The first questions is aboutShow MoreRelatedWhat Factors Contribute to Alcoholism?663 Words   |  3 PagesA variety of alcoholism cases develop from factors that cause an individual to develop alcoholism. These two factors are genetic factors as well as environmental and risk factors. About 50 percent cases of alcoholism are related to genetic factors and the remaining 40 percent is related to risk and environmental factors. 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An Analysis Of Medea And Revenge And Mythopoiesis On...

Therefore, that is the motive upon her acts of killing the bride, king and her own children. In contrary, Hopman’ â€Å"Revenge and Mythopoiesis in Euripides’ â€Å"Medea,†Ã¢â‚¬  explores that Medea exhibits revenge to find some form of contentment to the ache she feels deep inside. Medea will not allow to be laughed at by everyone. She wants vengeance for Jason’s parting. â€Å"By killing the princess, Medea does not only annihilate Jason’s hopes to build a new family tied to the royal house, she also stages a revised version of her own wedding that emphasizes her autonomy as the giver and enacts the consequences that, according to her, result from Jason’s remarriage† (165). Her payback includes the princess’s entanglement in a poisonous robe and also Creon dying from touching her daughter while trying to save her. These two deaths are a way of obtaining justice by offending Jason in the deepest way. Hoffman argues that she was not going to let Jason dishonor their marriage and get away with it. She refused to let him live a life of his own. In Savage’ â€Å"The â€Å"Wrath† Theme in Ovid Metamorphoses,†Ã¢â‚¬  proclaims that anger as referred to as vengeance is the theme of the story. â€Å"The theme of the wrath starts immediately† (246). This implicates that Juno is feeling so much rage that she stresses to retaliate for her husband’s mistress pregnancy. Savage not only say’s there is revenge in The Wrath of Juno, but in all of Metamorphoses stories, including The Judgement of Tiresias and the death of